1. Respiratory system (7)

A. NOSE :-
3. Sinusitis :- (part 2)

ACUTE SINUSITIS 

1. DEFINITION:-
Acute inflammation of mucous membrane lining the sinuses +/- nose 

2. ETIOLOGY :-

A. Causative organisms :-
1. BACTERIA:-

• Streptococci Pneumoniae
• Staphylococcus Aureus
• H. influenza 
• Moraxella   Catarrhal 
• Klebsilla 

2. FUNGAL:-

•  Mucormycosis ( very fatal, occurs with diabetic patients)

3. VIRAL :-

B. ROUTE :-

1. Nose 
2. Dental to maxillary sinus 
3. External through open fractures of sinus 

C. PREDISPOSING FACTORS :-

1. Allergic sinus 
2. Divided nasal septum 
3. Rhinitis 
4. Immunocompromised  patients 

3. PATHOLOGY:-

1. Suppurative ( purulent discharge )
2. Non - suppurative ( catarrhal discharge)

4. CLINICAL PICTURE :-

A. SYMPTOMS :-

1. Nasal discharge :-

• purulent in case of suppurative acute sinusitis 
• watery in case of non - suppurative acute sinusitis 

     2.  Nasal obstruction:-

• Unilateral or bilateral 

     3. Anosmia 

     4. Headache :-

• especially in the morning 
• increased with cough and strain
• especially areas over the sinus 

     5.  Epistaxis 

     6.  General Fatigue and malaise  

  B. SIGNS :- 

1. Nose ( Edema, Congestion )
2. Throat ( postnasal discharge )
3. Tenderness over the affected sinus 
4. Fever 

  C. INVESTIGATIONS :- 

1. Radiology ( X- ray and CT scan )
2. Bacteriology ( culture and sensitivity tests )
3. Immunology ( for allergic causes )

SPECIAL THANKS 

DR. MINIA EZT 

THANKS 

MILAD REDA